RESUMO
Objective: This study aimed to assess the diversity of extemporaneous preparations, identify the prevalent formulations, and highlight the challenges and opportunities for standardization and improvement of extemporaneous preparation practices. Methods: A survey was conducted among 88 Thai hospitals representing the public and private sectors. The questionnaire gathered information on general hospital characteristics, detailed aspects of extemporaneous compounding, and the specific extemporaneous formulations used. Results: The survey revealed significant variations in extemporaneous preparations among Thai hospitals, with oral liquids, semisolids, and eye preparations commonly employed. The primary oral liquid formulations used were suspensions, syrups, and solutions. Specific medications frequently used in extemporaneous preparations were also identified. The challenges encompassed space, personnel, skills, raw materials, equipment, standardized formula information, preparation process information, funding, and other factors. Conclusion: A survey among Thai hospitals revealed significant variations in extemporaneous preparations in 88 participating hospitals. Common formulations used in extemporaneous compounding include oral liquid preparations, such as suspensions, syrups, solutions, semisolid preparations, and eye preparations. Stakeholder involvement, implementation of standardized operating procedures, resource allocation, comprehensive training programs, and collaboration among hospitals, pharmaceutical companies, and regulatory agencies are recommended to enhance extemporaneous compounding practices (AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Serviço de Farmácia Hospitalar , Composição de Medicamentos , Preparações Farmacêuticas , Inquéritos e Questionários , TailândiaRESUMO
Purpose: The purpose of this research was to provide an overview of pharmaceutical production in Thai hospitals. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was developed to study pharmaceutical production in the 1347 Thai hospitals. A representative sample was chosen using multistep selection arriving at a final total of 750 hospitals. Five experts in hospital pharmacy production were recruited to evaluate the content validity. The questionnaire consisted of 2 parts: (1) general details of the hospitals and (2) the type of pharmaceutical products. The latter classification were further divided into 6 types: (1) nonsterile products, (2) extemporaneous preparations, (3) total parenteral nutrition, (4) intravenous admixtures, (5) cytotoxic preparations, and (6) herbal medicine products. All data were analyzed via descriptive statistics. Results: From the 750 questionnaires sent out, 395 hospitals (52.67%) responded to the questionnaires. Regarding the 395 respondent sample group, approximately 60% of the hospitals were involved in pharmaceutical production. The top 3 pharmaceutical products were as follows: (1) cytotoxic preparations (315 items); (2) liquid nonsterile preparations (60 items), and (3) liquid extemporaneous preparations (52 items). The most frequently mentioned reasons for the production of each dosage form were as follows: (1) no commercially available product in appropriate dosage form or strength needed and (2) product was prepared following the hospital's policy. The support needs in hospital pharmacy production were revealed as follows: (1) master formula, (2) quality assurance and quality control processes, (3) equipment, (4) standard references, (5) buildings, (6) personnel, (7) budget, (8) raw material suppliers, and (9) the coordination between the faculties of pharmaceutical sciences and hospitals. Conclusions: Approximately 60% of the respondents had pharmaceutical production in their hospitals. The greatest need for support was for a master formula to inform hospital-based pharmaceutical production. These findings provide essential information, especially for stakeholders, to understand the professional challenges and likely pharmaceutically related health service changes in the future.
